ENEB

ENEB or European Business School of Barcelona (in Spanish: Escuela de Negocios Europea de Barcelona) is a business school in Spain that offers MBAs and other Master's level degree programs in various business subjects as well as postgraduate diplomas and higher education courses. These programs are offered in conjunction with Isabel I de Castilla University (English) or Isabel I (English) for short (in Spanish: Universidad Isabel I de Castilla or Universidad Isabel I). Upon graduation, students receive a diploma from ENEB and a diploma from the international division of Isabel I known as Universidad Internacional Isabel I de Castilla (which translates in English to Isabel I de Castilla International University) as written on the diploma. The program is registered within Spain's Registro de Universidades, Centros y Títulos under institution code 080.

ENEB degrees require proof of completion of a prior Bachelor's degree, including a 4-year degree for US and Canadian graduates. This is a legal requirement by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports in Spain to award Titulo Propio degrees and can only be waived in exceptional circumstances (i.e., considerable past work experience in business).

Degree Contents
ENEB's degree programs follow the andragogical self-paced independent study format. Once registration and verification processes have been completed, a student may move through the program as slowly or as quickly as his/her time permits. However, the school sets an 18-month time limit for Master's degree program completion, and a 24-month time limit for a dual degree program completion (i.e., an MBA and a Masters Degree). A one time extension of 6 months can be provided for free so long as it is requested between 15 to 60 days of the course end date. Each Masters level program contains 60 ECTS (1500 academic hours, equivalent to 1 academic year). A Postgraduate course contains 12 ECTS (300 academic hours). Higher Education course contains 2.4 ECTS (60 academic hours).

As with many typical Master's programs that one may find at U.S.-based schools, and graduate studies across Europe, grading and completion for each course is based on a final paper responding to challenges posed by a case study. While the course instructions set a limit of 18 pages (excluding the title page and reference list) per Master's level paper, students have reported submitting papers ranging in length from 5 to 20+ pages. Using graphics/visual diagrams, as well as varied sources in a meaningful way (minimum 15-20 per final paper) are significant components of grading. Similar to other European graduate programs, failing twice on a course paper will result in failing the program as a whole. Even if one restarts the program after failing, a permanent negative mark and the failed section will still be recorded on the transcript, even if the program is passed successfully after.

Potential Controversy
The first concern that some have with ENEB is that its programs can be found on Groupon for a low price. Some consider that to be an indication of lesser quality. However, proponents of the program have pointed out that U.S. regionally accredited schools such as National Louis University and ASA College have also offered programs on Groupon. Others have argued that ENEB's offering is not unlike well-known schools such as Johns Hopkins University or Georgia Institute of Technology offering cheap courses or even full degree programs at deeply discounted rates on edX and Coursera.

The second concern for some is that ENEB's degrees are not formally registered ("Official") degrees in Spain, but rather Titulo Propios ("Own Titles"). The distinction between Titulo Official and Titulo Propios is a common point of confusion among people not familiar with the unique Spanish education system. Official degrees in Spain follow state approved curriculums, bear the signature of the King of Spain, and are registered with the Spanish government.

Titulos propios or "own titles" are not registered with the Spanish government, but are government-recognized and fully valid in the Spanish higher education system. However, it is important to note: in Spain, a titulo propio does not grant a person access to government or academic jobs nor does it allow one to continue on to a doctoral program in any field. What a titulo propio does is grant a person valid and relevant qualifications for jobs in the private sector as it is often seen more akin to a post-graduate professional development activity than an academic pursuit. This restriction on public sector employment oftentimes does not apply outside of Spain.

This system is unique but best compared to distinctions between terminal and research masters. A Titulo Propio degree, as awarded by ENEB/Universidad Isabel I, is equivalent to a MSc (in the UK) or a terminal course-based masters (in the US and Canada). These programs are not sufficient to progress to doctoral studies in some countries, but may be sufficient for employment and for entry into other research Masters or advanced professional programs post-credential evaluation in ones home country or country one has traveled or is planning travel to. A Titulo Oficial, or an "Official Degree", is equivalent to a MPhil (in the UK) or a research masters (in the US and Canada), as they generally have formal thesis requirements, and are intended to prepare a student for a career in research or doctoral studies.

It is worthwhile to point out that Titulo Propio degree programs primarily attract mid-career professionals in Spain, and international students. Additionally, most universities in Spain award the Titulo Propio award for studies in Business (and almost exclusively for Business degrees conducted in English), as the expectation is that these degrees are used to advance careers in the private sector rather than in academia or the public sector. Recent graduates of Spanish undergraduate programs tend to gravitate towards Titulo Ofical programs due to their more competitive ability to acquire letters of recommendation from professors, student loans and internships as early-career professionals, and to preserve the optionality of entering the Spanish public sector or academia.

Evaluation and Equivalency Results
Listing a titulo propio in the education or qualifications section of a resumé is legitimate and acceptable. However, for peace of mind, some students may prefer to have this foreign degree evaluated by a qualified foreign credential evaluator before doing so. To that end, ENEB/Universidad Isabel I diplomas have variously been evaluated as:

Europe
As is common with foreign credential evaluation agencies, other evaluators may have differing opinions on how to evaluate ENEB qualifications. Although it is common for institutions to accept the results of a foreign credential evaluation, no institution is required to do so. Since the programs award ECTS, there is the possibility of transferring course credit to other programs elsewhere, as demonstrated by the IEE evaluation.

East Asia
Institutions and businesses across East Asia will accept the Universidad Isabel I degree for employment purposes and in support of scholarship applications (CITATION NEEDED). This is especially useful for individuals seeking entry-level career opportunities or to support their applications to become foreign language teachers (as teachers in formal schools are expected to be able to teach in an additional subject such as Business). The China Scholarship Council, the MOFA Taiwan Scholarship and Japanese Government MEXT Scholarship program have confirmed that they will accept the degree to fulfill baseline requirements for doctoral and research scholarships (CITATION NEEDED), but the decision remains with the host institution on whether the degree satisfies their competitive requirements. However, East Asian institutions (CITATION NEEDED) generally expect the degree to be accompanied with a Hague Apostille provided by Universidad Isabel I and the degrees may not be accepted without this Apostille.

Conclusions
While a Master titulo propio from ENEB/Isabel I will not satisfy the needs of every student, it is considered a suitable option for some. ENEB is not a diploma mill. ENEB has the proper qualifications in Spain to grant Master titulos propios and they have partnered with——and are certified by——what is considered by U.S. standards to be the equivalent of a regionally accredited University (Isabel I) to give more weight to their Master titulos propios.

The time commitment for completing the program is often considered significant, and taking an ENEB program should be done with a consideration of the neutral to potentially negative reputation of the degree versus ones personal time. Some have found it worthwhile to utilize ENEB as a program to prepare for more well-recognized MBA or Masters degree programs as the credits could potentially be transferred (depending on the institution), and because the degree itself requires case study work and graduate level research that is typically required for a U.S. MBA, general U.S. Master's, a or European Masters of Management program.